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Easley is credited with helping to spread the international reach of the Party. After Donald was accused of conspiracy to murder a Panther who was found to be an informant, the couple fled to Algeria and then to North Korea. In addition to leading the Oakland chapter, they also worked in the New York and Philadelphia chapters as well. Cox, the Field Marshal of the Black Panther Party, and immediately became more closely affiliated with the Party.

Most of these records are textual records, but there are also motion pictures, sound recordings, and photographs.īarbara Easley-Cox began working with the Black Panther Party as a student at San Francisco State University.

The National Archives and Records Administration contains over 2,400 records relating to the Black Panther Party.

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However, despite its militant stance, the BPP also provided free breakfast for school children, sickle cell anemia screening, legal aid, and adult education.

We want land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice and peace.īecause of its practice of armed self-defense against police, as well as its Communistic and revolutionary elements, the BPP was frequently targeted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s COINTELPRO program as well as by state and local law enforcement groups.

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We want all Black people when brought to trial to be tried in court by a jury of their peer group or people from their Black Communities, as defined by the Constitution of the United States.

We want freedom for all Black men held in federal, state, county and city prisons and jails.

We want an immediate end to POLICE BRUTALITY and MURDER of Black people.

We want all Black men to be exempt from military service.

We want education that teaches us our true history and our role in the present day society.

We want education for our people that exposes the true nature of this decadent American society.

We want decent housing, fit for shelter of human beings.

We want an end to the robbery by the Capitalists of our Black Community.

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We want full employment for our people.We want power to determine the destiny of our Black Community. They compiled the responses and created the Ten Point Platform and Program that served as the foundation of the Black Panther Party. Newton and Seale canvassed their community asking residents about issues of concern. The BPP’s practice of armed self-defense was influenced by African American activist Robert Williams, who advocated this practice against anti-black aggression by the Ku Klux Klan in his book Negroes with Guns (1962). The BPP’s philosophy was influenced by the speeches of Malcolm X of the Nation of Islam, the teachings of Chairman Mao Tse-Tung of the Communist Party of China, and the anti-colonialist book The Wretched of the Earth ( Les Damnés de la Terre, 1961) by the Martiniquan psychiatrist Frantz Fanon. The immediate cause of the riots was the mishandled arrest of a black motorist but an official investigation revealed the deeper causes to be poverty, inequality and racial discrimination.Įach edition of the Black Panther included the Ten Point Platform and Program, the Party's manifesto which set out its demands for the end of the oppression of black people in America.Exhibits, Evidence and Other Records of the Investigative Section of the Internal Security Committee During the 79th through 94th Congresses Related to the Black Panther Partyīlack Panther Party Introduction, continued They lasted six days, during which thirty-four people were killed and more than a thousand people injured. These riots are considered to have been a turning point in Black American politics. the assassination of Malcolm X in February 1965 and the riots in the Watts neighbourhood of Los Angeles in August 1965. The Party's founders were motivated by a number of factors: disillusionment with the non-violent direct action of the Civil Rights Movement led by Dr. The Black Panther symbol had been used previously by the Lowndes County Freedom Organization which fought for black voting rights in Alabama. The Black Panther Party was a radical, revolutionary political group formed in October 1966 by Huey P.